Aligning Text

Introduction

Worksheets that have not been formatted are often very difficult to read. Fortunately, Excel gives you many tools that allow you to format text and tables in various ways. One of the ways you can format your worksheet so that it is easier to work with is to apply different types of alignment to text.

In this lesson, you will learn how to left, center, and right align text, merge and center cells, vertically align text, and apply different types of text control.

Aligning Text

Excel 2007 left-aligns text (labels) and right-aligns numbers (values). This makes data easier to read, but you do not have to use these defaults. Text and numbers can be defined as left-aligned, right-aligned or centered in Excel.

To Align Text or Numbers in a Cell:

• Select a cell or range of cells
• Click on either the Align Left, Center or Align Right commands on the Home tab.

• The text or numbers in the cell(s) take on the selected alignment treatment.

Left-click a column label to select the entire column, or a row label to select an entire row.

Changing Vertical Cell Alignment

You can also define vertical alignment in a cell. In Vertical alignment, information in a cell can be located at the top of the cell, middle of the cell or bottom of the cell. The default is bottom.

To Change Vertical Alignment from the Alignment Group:

• Select a cell or range of cells.
• Click the Top Align, Center, or Bottom Align command.

Changing Text Control

Text Control allows you to control the way Excel 2007 presents information in a cell. There are two common types of Text control: Wrapped Text and Merge Cells.

The Wrapped Text wraps the contents of a cell across several lines if it's too large than the column width. It increases the height of the cell as well.

Merge Cells can also be applied by using the Merge and Center button on the Home tab.

To Change Text Control:

• Select a cell or range of cells.
• Select the Home tab.
• Click the Wrap Text command or the Merge and Center command.

If you change your mind, click the drop-down arrow next to the command, and choose Unmerge cells.

Formatting Tables

Introduction

Once you have entered information into a spreadsheet, you may want to format it. Formatting your spreadsheet can not only make it look nicer, but make it easier to use. In a previous lesson we discussed many manual formatting options such as bold and italics. In this lesson, you will learn how to use the predefined tables styles in Excel 2007 and some of the Table Tools on the Design tab.

To Format Information as a Table:

• Select any cell that contains information.
• Click the Format as Table command in the Styles group on the Home tab. A list of predefined tables will appear.

• Left-click a table style to select it.
• A dialog box will appear. Excel has automatically selected the cells for your table. The cells will appear selected in the spreadsheet and the range will appear in the dialog box.

• Change the range listed in the field, if necessary.
• Verify the box is selected to indicate your table has headings, if it does. Deselect this box if your table does not have column headings.
• Click OK. The table will appear formatted in the style you chose.

By default, the table will be set up with the drop-down arrows in the header so that you can filter the table, if you wish.

In addition to using the Format as Table command, you can also select the Insert tab, and click the Tablecommand to insert a table.

To Modify a Table:

• Select any cell in the table. The Table Tools Design tab will become active. From here you can modify the table in many ways.

You can:

• Select a different table in the Table Styles Options group. Click the More drop-down arrow to see more table styles.
• Delete or add a Header Row in the Table Styles Options group.
• Insert a Total Row in the Table Styles Options group.
• Remove or add banded rows or columns.
• Make the first and last columns bold.
• Name your table in the Properties group.
• Change the cells that make up the table by clicking Resize Table.

When you apply a table style, filtering arrows automatically appear. To turn off filtering, select the Home tab, click the Sort & Filter command, and select Filter from the list.

Sorting, Grouping, and Filtering Cells

Introduction

A Microsoft Excel spreadsheet can contain a great deal of information. With more rows and columns than previous versions, Excel 2007 gives you the ability toanalyze and work with an enormous amount of data. To most effectively use this data, you may need to manipulate this data in different ways.

In this lesson, you will learn how to sort, group, and filter data in various ways that will enable you to most effectively and efficiently use spreadsheets to locate and analyze information.

A Microsoft Excel spreadsheet can contain a great deal of information. Sometimes you may find that you need to reorder or sort that information, create groups, or filter information to be able to use it most effectively.

Sorting

Sorting lists is a common spreadsheet task that allows you to easily reorder your data. The most common type of sorting is alphabetical ordering, which you can do in ascending or descending order.

To Sort in Alphabetical Order:

• Select a cell in the column you want to sort (In this example, we choose a cell in column A).
• Click the Sort & Filter command in the Editing group on the Home tab.
• Select Sort A to Z. Now the information in the Category column is organized in alphabetical order.

You can Sort in reverse alphabetical order by choosing Sort Z to A in the list.

To Sort from Smallest to Largest:

• Select a cell in the column you want to sort (a column with numbers).
• Click the Sort & Filter command in the Editing group on the Home tab.
• Select From Smallest to Largest. Now the information is organized from the smallest to largest amount.

You can sort in reverse numerical order by choosing From Largest to Smallest in the list.

To Sort Multiple Levels:

• Click the Sort & Filter command in the Editing group on the Home tab.
• Select Custom Sort from the list to open the dialog box.
OR
• Select the Data tab.
• Locate the Sort and Filter group.
• Click the Sort command to open the Custom Sort dialog box. From here, you can sort by one item, or multiple items.

• Click the drop-down arrow in the Column Sort by field, and choose one of the options. In this example, Category.

• Choose what to sort on. In this example, we'll leave the default as Value.
• Choose how to order the results. Leave it as A to Z so it is organized alphabetically.
• Click Add Level to add another item to sort by.

• Select an option in the Column Then by field. In this example, we chose Unit Cost.
• Choose what to sort on. In this example, we'll leave the default as Value.
• Choose how to order the results. Leave it as smallest to largest.
• Click OK.

The spreadsheet has been sorted. All the categories are organized in alphabetical order, and within each category, the unit cost is arranged from smallest to largest.

Remember all of the information and data is still here. It's just in a different order.

Grouping Cells Using the Subtotal Command

Grouping is a really useful Excel feature that gives you control over how the information is displayed. You mustsort before you can group. In this section we will learn how to create groups using the Subtotal command.

To Create Groups with Subtotals:

• Select any cell with information in it.
• Click the Subtotal command. The information in your spreadsheet is automatically selected and the Subtotal dialog box appears.

• Decide how you want things grouped. In this example, we will organize by Category.
• Select a function. In this example, we will leave the SUM function selected.
• Select the column you want the Subtotal to appear. In this example, Total Cost is selected by default.
• Click OK. The selected cells are organized into groups with subtotals.

To Collapse or Display the Group:

• Click the black minus sign, which is the hide detail icon, to collapse the group.
• Click the black plus sign, which is the show detail icon, to expand the group.
• Use the Show Details and Hide Details commands in the Outline group to collapse and display the group, as well.

To Ungroup Select Cells:

• Select the cells you want to remove from the group.
• Click the Ungroup command.
• Select Ungroup from the list. A dialog box will appear.
• Click OK.

To Ungroup the Entire Worksheet:

• Select all the cells with grouping.
• Click Clear Outline from the menu.

Filtering Cells

Filtering, or temporarily hiding, data in a spreadsheet very easy. This allows you to focus on specific spreadsheet entries.

To Filter Data:

• Click the Filter command on the Data tab. Drop-down arrows will appear beside each column heading.

• Click the drop-down arrow next to the heading you would like to filter. For example, if you would like to only view data regarding Flavors, click the drop-down arrow next to Category.

• Uncheck Select All.
• Choose Flavor.
• Click OK. All other data will be filtered, or hidden, and only the Flavor data is visible.

To Clear One Filter:

• Select one of the drop-down arrows next to a filtered column.
• Choose Clear Filter From....

To remove all filters, click the Filter command.

Filtering may look a little like grouping, but the difference is that now I can filter on another field, if I want to. For example, let’s say I want to see only the Vanilla-related flavors. I can click the drop-down arrow next to Item, and select Text Filters. From the menu, I’ll choose Contains because I want to find any entry that has the word vanillain it. A dialog box appears. We’ll type Vanilla, and then click OK. Now we can see that the data has been filtered again and that only the Vanilla-related flavors appear.